Ua hōʻoia ʻia nā haʻawina i nā ʻiole ʻo ka betaine ka mea nui o ka methyl donor i loko o ke ake a ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ebetaineka homocysteine ​​methyltransferase (BHMT) a me ka p-cysteine ​​sulfide β Synthetase（ β Hoʻoponopono i ka cyst (mud et al., 1965). Ua hōʻoia kēia hopena i nā puaʻa a me nā moa. Ke lawa ʻole ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka methyl, hana ke kino holoholona i ka waikawa hemiaminic kiʻekiʻe e ʻae i ka methyl o betaine ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o BHMT e synthesize methionine a laila hāʻawi i ka methyl. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine haʻahaʻa, ma muli o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka methyl i loko o ke kino, hoʻonui ke ake i nā manawa pōʻai o ka homocysteine ​​→ methionine ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana BMT a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka betaine ma ke ʻano he substrate, i mea e hāʻawi ai i ka methyl lawa no ka metabolism. Ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ka hoʻohui exogenous o ka nui obetaine, ma kekahiʻaoʻao, hāʻawi ke ake i ka methyl no ka methyl receptor ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana BHMT, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo kahi ʻāpana o ka homocysteine ​​e hana i ka cysteine ​​​​sulfide ma o ke ala hoʻololi sulfur, i mea e mālama ai i ke ala o ke kino methyl metabolism i kahi kūpaʻa ikaika. Hōʻike ka hoʻokolohua he palekana ke hoʻololi i kahi hapa o ka methionine i ka ʻai broiler duck me ka betaine. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka Betaine e nā ʻōpū o ka moa, e hoʻemi i ka pōʻino o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā cell intestinal, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana absorption o nā ʻōpū o ka moa, hoʻoikaika i ka absorption o nā meaʻai, a hoʻomaikaʻi hope i ka hana hana a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi o nā moa.

Betainehiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka huna ʻana o ka GH, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka synthesis o ka protein, hoʻemi i ka decomposition o nā waikawa amino a hoʻolilo i ke kino i ke kaulike nitrogen maikaʻi. Hiki i ka Betaine ke hoʻonui i ka cyclic adenosine monophosphate i loko o ke ake a me ka pituitary（ ˆ ʻO ka maʻiʻo o am, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka hana endocrine o ka pituitary a hoʻoikaika i ka synthesis a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o (h, thyroid stimulating hormone) e nā pituitary cell α SH a me nā hormones ʻē aʻe hiki ke hoʻonui i ka mālama nitrogen o ke kino, i mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā holoholona a me nā moa. Hōʻike ka ho'āʻo e hiki i ka betaine ke hoʻonui nui i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka serum h a me ka IGF i nā puaʻa ma nāʻano likeʻole, e hoʻoikaika nui i ka uluʻana o nā puaʻa ma nāʻano likeʻole a ho'ēmi i ka ratio kaumaha hānai. Ua hānaiʻia nā puaʻa weaned, nā puaʻa ulu a me ka pauʻana o nā puaʻa me nā meaʻai i hoʻonuiʻia me ka betaine 8001000 a me 1750ngkg i kēlā me kēia, a ua hoʻonuiʻia ka waiwai o kēlā me kēia lā e 8.71% N13 20% a me 13.32%, ua hoʻonuiʻia ke kiʻekiʻe GH serum e 46.15%, 102.15%, a me 102.11% i kēlā me kēia lā. 38.74%, 4.75% a me 47.95% (Yu Dongyou et al., 2001). Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine i loko o ka hānai ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hānau o nā lūlū, hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o ka hānau ʻana a me ka nui o ka litter ola o nā puaʻa, a ʻaʻohe hopena ʻino i nā lūlū hāpai.

Betainehiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻae ʻana o nā cell biological i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakai kiʻekiʻe a me ke ʻano osmotic kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopaʻa i ka hana enzyme a me ka ikehu kinetic o nā macromolecules biological. Ke hoʻololi ka osmotic pressure o nā pūnaewele kino, hiki ke komo i ka betaine e nā pūnaewele, pale i ka wai a me ka paʻakai i ke komo ʻana o nā cell, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o Na pump o ka membrane cell, mālama i ke kaomi osmotic o nā cell tissue, hoʻoponopono i ke koena osmotic pressure o nā cell, e hōʻoluʻolu i ka pane ʻana i ke kaumaha a hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi.BetaineLoaʻa nā ʻano like me ka electrolyte. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻōpala digestive e nā pathogens, loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena pale osmotic ma nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū puaʻa. Ke loaʻa nā puaʻa i ka pau ʻana o ka wai o ka ʻōpū a me ke kaulike ʻole o ka ion ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi, hiki i ka betaine ke pale pono i ka nalowale o ka wai a pale aku i ka hyperkalemia i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi maʻi, i mea e mālama ai a hoʻopaʻa i ke koena ion o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū a hana i nā hua bacteria maikaʻi i loko o ka microbial flora o ka ʻōpū ʻōpū o nā puaʻa ma lalo o ka weaning stress ka lanakila, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi bacteria i ka nui o ka digestive tract, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka maʻi bacteria i ka maʻamau maʻamau. ʻO kā lākou hana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana digestive o nā puaʻa weaned, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka digestibility a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka hānai, hoʻonui i ka ʻai hānai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha i kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻemi nui i ka maʻi maʻi a hoʻoikaika i ka ulu wikiwiki o nā puaʻa weaned.