ʻO nā surfactants bipolar nā surfactants i loaʻa nā pūʻulu anionic a me ka cationic hydrophilic.

Ma ka ʻōlelo ākea, ʻo nā amphoteric surfactants nā pūhui i loaʻa nā pūʻulu hydrophilic ʻelua i loko o ka mole hoʻokahi, me nā pūʻulu anionic, cationic, a me nā pūʻulu hydrophilic nonionic. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe amphoteric maʻamau ka hapa nui o nā pūʻulu hydrophilic me ka ammonium a i ʻole quaternary ammonium paʻakai ma ka ʻāpana cationic a me nā ʻano carboxylate, sulfonate, a me ka phosphate ma ka ʻāpana anionic. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā surfactants amphoteric amino acid me nā pūʻulu amino a me nā ʻāpana i loko o ka molela hoʻokahi he betaine amphoteric surfactants i hana ʻia mai nā paʻakai kūloko i loaʻa nā hui quaternary ammonium a me nā hui carboxyl, me nā ʻano like ʻole.

ʻOkoʻa ka hōʻike ʻana o nā surfactants amphiphilic me ka waiwai pH o kā lākou hopena.

Hōʻike i nā waiwai o nā surfactant cationic i loko o ka media acidic; Hōʻike i nā waiwai o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe anionic i loko o ka media alkaline; Hōʻike i nā waiwai o nā surfactants non-ionic i loko o ka pāpaʻi kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kiko kahi i kaulike pono ʻia nā waiwai cationic a me anionic i kapa ʻia ʻo ka helu isoelectric.

Ma ka lae isoelectric, ho'okahe 'ia nā surfactants amphoteric 'ano waikawa amino i kekahi manawa, 'oiai 'a'ole hiki ke ho'okahe 'ia nā surfactants 'ano betaine a hiki i ke kiko isoelectric.

ʻAno BetaineUa helu mua ʻia nā surfactants ma ke ʻano he hui paʻakai ammonium quaternary, akā ʻaʻole like me nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary, ʻaʻohe lākou anion.
Mālama ʻo Betaine i kāna molecular charge positive a me nā waiwai cationic i loko o ka media acidic a me ka alkaline. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ʻano surfactant ke loaʻa nā uku maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha. Ma muli o ka waiwai pH o ka hoʻonā wai o kēia ʻano pūhui, he mea kūpono ke hoʻokaʻawale hewa ʻana iā ia ma ke ʻano he surfactant amphoteric.

Wahi a kēia hoʻopaʻapaʻa, pono e helu ʻia nā pūhui ʻano betaine ma ke ʻano he cationic surfactants. ʻOiai kēia mau manaʻo hoʻopaʻapaʻa, hoʻomau ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana pūhui betaine i ka helu ʻana iā lākou ma ke ʻano he pūhui amphoteric. I loko o ka laulā o ka heteroelectricity, aia kahi hanana biphasic i ka hana ili: R-N+(CH3) 2-CH2-COO -.

ʻO ka laʻana maʻamau o nā surfactant ʻano betaine he alkylbetaine, a ʻo kāna huahana hōʻikeʻike ʻo N-dodecyl-N, N-dimethyl-N-carboxyl betaine [BS-12, Cl2H25-N+(CH3) 2-CH2COO -]. ʻO Betaine me nā hui amide [Cl2H25 i loko o ka hale i hoʻololi ʻia e R-CONH - (CH2) 3-] ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana.

ʻAʻole pili ka paʻakikī o ka wai i kabetainesurfactant. Hāʻawi ia i ka huʻa maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka wai palupalu a paʻakikī. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana me nā pūhui anionic ma nā haʻahaʻa pH haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka hui pū me nā anionic a me ka cationic surfactants. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine me nā surfactants anionic, hiki ke loaʻa ka viscosity kūpono.