Nā paʻakai ammonium Quaternaryhiki ke hoʻohana pono no ka disinfection maʻaiʻai, akā pono e nānā i ke ʻano hoʻohana kūpono a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana e pale aku i ka pōʻino i nā mea ola wai.

1 、He aha ka paʻakai ammonium quaternary
Quaternary ammonium paʻakaihe mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe waiwai, kūpono, a hoʻohana nui ʻia me ke ʻano kemika (CnH2n+1) (CH3) 3N+X -, kahi e hiki ai iā X ke Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, etc.
2 、Ke kumu disinfection onā paʻakai ammonium quaternary
ʻO ke kumu disinfection o nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary ʻo ka luku ʻana i ka membrane cell a me nā protein o ka bacteria, e lilo ai lākou i ko lākou hiki ke ulu a hana hou. ʻO ka hopena disinfection o nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka neʻe ʻana, ka waiwai pH, ka manawa pili, a me ka mahana.
3、Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary
1. Ka hoomalu ana
Ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary no ka disinfection i ka aquaculture, pono e mālama ʻia ka ʻike e like me ka nui a me ka paʻakikī o ke kino wai. Ma keʻano laulā, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻakai ammonium quaternary 0.1% -0.2% hiki ke hoʻopau maikaʻi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.5%.
2. Hoʻopili manawa
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary no ka disinfection, pono ia e hōʻoia i ka pili piha ʻana me ka wai a me ka wai. Manaʻo ʻia e disinfect no 30 mau minuke a 2 mau hola.
3. Ka hoʻomalu pinepine
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary no ka disinfection, pono e hoʻomalu ʻia ka pinepine o ka disinfection. Hiki i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana ke hōʻino i ke kaiaola kaiaola, a ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule.
4 、 Hoʻomalu
1. Kāohi i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana
ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ʻike o ka ammonia nitrogen a me ka nitrogen i loko o nā kino wai, e pili ana i ke kaiaola o nā kino wai a alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka make ʻana o nā meaola wai.
2. Hōʻalo i ka hui ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe
ʻAʻole pono e hui pū ʻia nā paʻakai ammonium Quaternary me nā disinfectants ʻē aʻe, i ʻole e hiki mai nā hopena kemika, e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena disinfection a hiki ke hana i nā mea ʻino.
3. E hoʻolohe i ka palekana pilikino
Quaternary ammonium paʻakaihe disinfectant liʻiliʻi loa ia, a pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mīkina lima i ka wā e hoʻohana ai, e pale aku i ka pili ʻana me nā maka a me ka waha. Inā komo i loko o ka maka a i ʻole ke komo pōʻino, hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke a ʻimi i ke kōkua olakino.
5、 Ka nānā ʻana i ka palekana
ʻOiainā paʻakai ammonium quaternaryhoʻohana nui ʻia nā disinfectants, pono nō e hoʻolohe i ke ʻano hoʻohana kūpono i ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana e pale aku i nā hopena ʻino i ke kaiaola aquatic a me nā mea ola wai.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana ma lalo o ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana a me ka pinepine disinfection, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary.nā mea ola waia ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka hopena koʻikoʻi iā lākou.

Ke kumu o ka hana o ka quaternary ammonium paakai otrimethylamine oxide (TMAO)ʻike nui ʻia i kāna mau waiwai surfactant a me ka paʻa kemika:
Hana i luna: Thepaʻakai ammonium quaternaryHāʻawi ka hale i ka waiwai ʻelua o ka hydrophilicity a me ka hydrophobicity, hiki ke hoʻemi i ka ʻili o ka wai. I loko o nā mea holoi, kōkua kēia ʻano i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻaila aila: hui pū ka hopena hydrophilic me ka wai, a hui pū ka hopena hydrophobic me ka ʻaila, hana i nā micelles e hoʻopili i ka lepo.
Paʻa paʻa: He ikaika ka paʻa o ka nitrogen oxygen (N → O) o nā paʻakai ammonium quaternary, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ke ʻano ʻekolu-dimensional o nā protein. I ka hoʻoponopono osmotic pressure, pale ʻia nā protein mai nā mea denaturation e like me ka urea a me ka amonia nitrogen ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana.
Nawaliwali waiwai oxidizing: Ma ke ano he haʻahaʻa oxidant, nā ʻātoma oxygen i loko o kapaʻakai ammonium quaternaryHiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka hale i nā mea ʻē aʻe (e like me ka aldehyde synthesis reactions) a hoʻemi iā ia iho i trimethylamine

I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo,nā paʻakai ammonium quaternaryhiki ke hoʻohana pono ʻia no ka disinfection i ka ʻiʻa, akā pono e uku ʻia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻohana a me nā ʻike e pale aku i ka pōʻino i nā mea ola wai.