ʻAkika GuanylaceticʻO ka waikawa guanylacetic, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he waikawa amino, he analogue ia i hoʻokumu ʻia mai ka glycine a me ka L-lysine.

Hiki i ka waikawa Guanylacetic ke synthesize i ka creatine ma lalo o ka catalysis o nā enzymes a ʻo ia wale nō ke koi mua no ka synthesis o ka creatine. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Creatine he buffer ikehu, a ʻo kāna hana nui ka hana ʻana i ka creatine phosphorylated ma lalo o ka hana a creatine kinase.

E komo i ka huakaʻi adenosinepōʻaiapuni hosphate (ATP). Ke lawa ʻole ka ikehu ATP, hoʻoili koke ka phosphocreatine i ka hui phosphate i adenosine diphosphate ma o creatine kinase a hoʻololi hou iā ia i adenosine triphosphate.

 

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ruminants:

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 0.12%, 0.08%, a me 0.04% guanylacetic acid i ka ʻai o 120 mau hipa Tan i hānai ʻia i ka hale papaʻa me ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 20 kilokani, ua hōʻike ʻia ua hoʻonui nui ka hoʻohui ʻana o 0.12% a me 0.08% guanylacetic acid i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā, ka momona intramuscular, a me ka nui o ka protein, a ua hoʻemi nui i ka nui o ka momona o ke kino make.

 

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o 0.08%waikawa guanylaceticua hoʻonui ʻia ka pakeneka ʻiʻo upena ma 9.77%. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hana hana kinoea in vitro, ua aʻo ʻia ka hopena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā pae like ʻole o ka waikawa guanylacetic ma ka rumen o nā bipi melemele. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hoʻonui nui ka hoʻohui ʻana o 0.4% waikawa guanylacetic i ka hana ʻana o ke kinoea, a ua piʻi mua ka nui o ka ammonia nitrogen a laila ua emi iho.

No laila, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka meaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kaiapuni kūloko o ka rumen a me ke ʻano fermentation o nā pipi melemele.

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manu:

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 800 mg/kg, 1600 mg/kg, 4000 mg/kg, a me 8000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai o kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers i hōʻike ʻia ua hoʻonui nui ka hoʻohui ʻana i 800-4000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka lakio hānai i ke kaumaha o nā broilers i ka 22-42 mau lā o ka makahiki. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 8000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻōkuhi biochemical serum e like me ka urea nitrogen, nā ʻōkuhi hana koko, a me ka bilirubin holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi i nā ʻōkuhi o nā ʻōpū nui, e hōʻike ana he hiki ke hoʻomanawanui ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana i 8000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai o kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers.

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, a me 800 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai broiler ua hōʻike i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka awelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hui kaohi. Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi loa i ka wā i hoʻohui ʻia ai nā pae 600 a me 800 mg/kg.

No ke aʻo ʻana i ka hopena o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka maikaʻi o ka sperm i loko o nā moa kāne, ua koho ʻia he 20 mau moa kāne he 28 pule e hānai i kahi meaʻai e loaʻa ana he 0%, 0.06%, 0.12%, a me 0.18% guanylacetic acid. Ua ʻike ʻia nā hopena noiʻi ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 0.12% guanylacetic acid i ka meaʻai ua hoʻonui nui i ka nui o ka sperm, ka nui o ka semen, a me ka hana sperm i loko o nā moa kāne, e hōʻike ana e hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka meaʻai ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka sperm. E hoʻohui i ka 0.0314%, 0.0628%, 0.0942%, a me 0.1256% guanylacetic acid i ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers, a hoʻonohonoho i ʻelua mau hui kaohi (ʻo ka hui kaohi 1 he meaʻai mea kanu me ka ʻole o kekahi mea i hoʻohui ʻia, a ʻo ka hui kaohi 2 he meaʻai me ka palaoa iʻa i hoʻohui ʻia). ʻO nā hui ʻeono o ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā ma luna nei he like ka pae o ka ikehu a me nā minelala.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hoʻokolohua ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā helu piʻi kaumaha o nā hui ʻehā me ka waikawa guanylacetic i hoʻohui ʻia a me ka hui kaohi 2 ma mua o ka hui kaohi 1, ʻO ka hui kaohi 2 ka hopena piʻi kaumaha maikaʻi loa, a ukali ʻia e ka hui waikawa guanylacetic 0.0942%; ʻO ka hui kaohi 2 ka lakio mea i ke kaumaha maikaʻi loa, a ukali ʻia e ka hui waikawa guanylacetic 0.1256%.

Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manu:

Ke hoʻohui nei i 800 mg/kg, 1600 mg/kg, 4000 mg/kg, a me 8000 mg/kg owaikawa guanylaceticUa hōʻike ʻia i ka hānai ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i 800-4000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai i hoʻonui nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka lakio hānai i ke kaumaha o nā broilers i 22-42 mau lā o ka makahiki. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 8000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ʻōkuhi biochemical serum e like me ka urea nitrogen, nā ʻōkuhi hana koko, a me ka bilirubin holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻohe hopena koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻōkuhi o nā ʻōkana nui, e hōʻike ana he hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka hoʻohui ʻana i 8000 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, a me 800 mg/kg o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka hānai broiler ua hōʻike i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka awelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hui kaohi. Ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi loa i ka wā i hoʻohui ʻia ai nā pae 600 a me 800 mg/kg.

No ke aʻo ʻana i ka hopena o ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka maikaʻi o ka sperm i loko o nā moa kāne, ua koho ʻia he 20 mau moa kāne he 28 pule e hānai i kahi meaʻai e loaʻa ana he 0%, 0.06%, 0.12%, a me 0.18% guanylacetic acid. Ua ʻike ʻia nā hopena noiʻi ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 0.12% guanylacetic acid i ka meaʻai ua hoʻonui nui i ka nui o ka sperm, ka nui o ka semen, a me ka hana sperm i loko o nā moa kāne, e hōʻike ana e hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa guanylacetic i ka meaʻai ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka sperm. E hoʻohui i ka 0.0314%, 0.0628%, 0.0942%, a me 0.1256% guanylacetic acid i ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā o nā broilers, a hoʻonohonoho i ʻelua mau hui kaohi (ʻo ka hui kaohi 1 he meaʻai mea kanu me ka ʻole o kekahi mea i hoʻohui ʻia, a ʻo ka hui kaohi 2 he meaʻai me ka palaoa iʻa i hoʻohui ʻia). ʻO nā hui ʻeono o ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā ma luna nei he like ka pae o ka ikehu a me nā minelala. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena hoʻokolohua ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā helu piʻi kaumaha o nā hui ʻehā me ka waikawa guanylacetic i hoʻohui ʻia a me ka hui kaohi 2 ma mua o ka hui kaohi 1, ʻO ka hui kaohi 2 ka hopena piʻi kaumaha maikaʻi loa, a ukali ʻia e ka 0.0942%.waikawa guanylacetichui; ʻO ka hui kaohi 2 ka lakio mea maikaʻi loa i ke kaumaha, a ukali ʻia e ka hui 0.1256% guanylacetic acid.