He aha nā waikawa organik?

ʻO nā "acids organik" e pili ana i nā waikawa āpau i kapa ʻia ʻo nā waikawa carboxylic i kūkulu ʻia ma luna o kahi iwi kalapona hiki ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano physiological o nā bacteria, e hana ana i nā maʻi metabolic e pale ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana a alakaʻi i ka make.

ʻAneʻane pau nā waikawa organik i hoʻohana ʻia i ka meaʻai holoholona (e like me ka waikawa formic, ka waikawa propionic, ka waikawa lactic, ka waikawa acetic, ka waikawa sorbic a i ʻole ka waikawa citric) he ʻano aliphatic a he mau kumu ikehu no nā cell. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana,waikawa benzoicua kūkulu ʻia ma luna o nā apo ʻala a he mau ʻano metabolic a me absorption like ʻole.

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā waikawa organik i nā mahele kiʻekiʻe kūpono i ka meaʻai holoholona hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o ke kino, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka meaʻai a hōʻemi i ka noho ʻana o nā pathogens i loko o ka ʻōpū.

1, e hoʻemi i ka waiwai pH a me ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hānai a me nā hopena antibacterial a me antifungal.

2, ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā iona hydrogen i loko o ka ʻōpū e hōʻemi i ka waiwai pH, no laila e hoʻoulu ai i ka pepsinogen e hana i ka pepsin a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka digestibility protein;

3. Ka pale ʻana i nā bacteria gram-negative i loko o ka ʻōpū gastrointestinal.

4, nā metabolites waena - hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka ikehu.

ʻO ka pono o kahi waikawa organik i ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā microbial e pili ana i kona waiwai pKa, kahi e wehewehe ai i ka pH o ka waikawa ma 50% i kona ʻano dissociated a me undissociated. ʻO ka mea hope ke ala i loaʻa ai i nā waikawa organik nā waiwai antimicrobial. ʻO ka wā wale nō e noho ai nā waikawa organik i ko lākou ʻano undissociated hiki iā lākou ke hele ma waena o nā paia o ka bacteria a me nā fungi a hoʻololi i kā lākou metabolism i loaʻa ai iā lākou nā hiki antimicrobial. No laila, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono antimicrobial o nā waikawa organik ma lalo o nā kūlana acidic (e like me ka ʻōpū) a hoʻemi ʻia ma ka pH neutral (i loko o ka ʻōpū).

No laila, ʻo nā waikawa organik me nā waiwai pKa kiʻekiʻe he mau waikawa nāwaliwali a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā antimicrobial i loko o ka meaʻai ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻano undissociated i loaʻa i loko o ka meaʻai, hiki ke pale i ka meaʻai mai nā fungi a me nā microorganisms.

Glyceride i hoʻohuihui ʻia

I nā makahiki 1980, ua ʻike ka ʻepekema ʻAmelika ʻo Agre i kahi protein membrane cell i kapa ʻia ʻo aquaporin. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i nā kahawai wai e wehe i kahi wahi noiʻi hou. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema aia nā aquaporins ma nā holoholona, ​​​​nā mea kanu a me nā microorganism.

Ma o ka synthesis o ka propionic acid a me ka butyric acid a me ka glycerol, α-monopropionic acid glycerol ester, α-monobutyric acid glycerol ester, ma ke ālai ʻana i ka bacteria a me ka fungi glycerol channel, e hoʻopilikia i ko lākou kaulike ikehu a me ke kaulike dynamic membrane, i nalowale ai nā kumu ikehu, ālai i ka synthesis ikehu i mea e pāʻani ai i kahi hopena bactericidal maikaʻi, a ʻaʻohe koena lāʻau.