Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā waikawa organik ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ulu ʻana o nā broilers a me nā puaʻa e ulu ana. Ua hana ʻo Paulicks et al. (1996) i kahi hoʻāʻo titration dose e loiloi i ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pae potassium dicarboxylate ma ka hana o nā puaʻa e ulu ana. 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4 a me 2.8%potassium dicarboxylateua hoʻohui ʻia i ka hānai wehe ʻana o nā puaʻa i hānai ʻia me ka ʻai kulina soybean. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka awelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā me kēia lā, ka lawe ʻana i ka hānai i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka helu hoʻololi hānai o ka hui potassium dicarboxylate ma 13%, 9% a me 4%. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hui i mālama ʻole ʻia, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i 2% PD ua hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o ke kino ma 22%. Wahi a ka pae hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe loa i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e nā luna ʻEulopa o 1.8%, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke kaumaha i 14%. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka lawe ʻana i ka hānai ma ka mahele like. Ua emi ka helu hoʻololi hānai (FCR) me ka hoʻonui ʻana o PD, mai 1.59 a i 1.47. Ua noiʻi kekahi poʻe noiʻi i ka hopena o PD i ka hana puaʻa. Hōʻuluʻulu ka Papa 1 i nā hopena hoʻokolohua o nā hopena o PD i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha (WG) a me FCR.

Nā hopena o ka potassium dicarboxylate i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o nā holoholona a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hānai

Potasiuma dicarboxylateua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu ulu ʻole antibiotic, kahi e manaʻo ai e pani i nā antibiotics i ka hānai a hōʻoia i ke komo ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana palekana. No laila, pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka potassium dicarboxylate me nā hopena o ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā antibiotics hānai. ʻO Tylosin kekahi o nā antibiotics hānai i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā puaʻa. Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻo Danielsen (1998) i ka hana ulu o nā puaʻa i mālama ʻia me ka antibiotic growth promoter tylosin a i ʻole PD. Ua hōʻike nā hopena e hiki i ka potassium dicarboxylate ke pani i nā antibiotics hānai me ka ʻole o ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hana holoholona. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e hoʻomaikaʻi ka potassium dicarboxylate i ka hana ulu o nā holoholona, ​​a ʻo ka hana antibacterial o ka potassium dicarboxylate ke kumu nui e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hana ulu.

ʻO ka hopena o nā waikawa organik i ka hana ulu ʻana ʻaʻole pili wale i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o nā waikawa organik i nā microorganism, akā i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka pH ʻōpū. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i nā ion maikaʻi ʻole o ka waikawa kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka symbiosis o nā flora ʻōpū. Hoʻemi kēia mau hopena āpau i ka metabolism waena a kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana ulu. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā meaʻai ma muli o ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka hoʻokūkū microbial no nā meaʻai, akā ʻo ia ka hopena o ka ʻai ʻana o nā meaʻai me ka enzyme. Ua hōʻike ʻo Roth et al. (1998) ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka hoʻopihapiha PD 1.8% i ka digestibility, e hōʻike nui ana i nā loli o ka hana microbiota ʻōpū. ʻOiai ma kahi o 80% o ka nitrogen i loko o nā feces mai nā microorganisms, hōʻike kā lākou mau hopena hiki i ka hoʻopihapiha PD ke hōʻemi i ka nui o nā meaʻai fermentable e komo ana i ka hindgut ma ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana o ka enzymatic o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Ua manaʻo pū lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi paha i ke kūlana lean o ke kino make ma ka hoʻomaʻalahi ʻana i nā waikawa amino e waiho i ka protein i loko o ke kino. Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Partanene lāua ʻo Mroz (1999) he hopena nui ko nā kumu protein haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka digestibility protein ma mua o nā kumu protein kiʻekiʻe.

Hiki i ka Potassium dicarboxylate ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o nā holoholona, ​​ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka hana ulu ʻana ua like ia me ka mea hoʻoulu ulu. No laila, ua lilo ka potassium dicarboxylate i mea pani kūpono no nā antibiotics hānai ma muli o kona mau waiwai maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka hopena ma ka microflora ka mea nui o ka hana, a ʻaʻohe pilikia o ke kūʻē ʻana i nā microbial. Hoʻemi ia i ka nui o ka hanana o E. coli a me Salmonella i nā huahana ʻiʻo.